Abstract
Abstract This study assessed the impact of biscuit fortified with whey protein isolate and wheat bran on body composition, energy intake, appetite score, and appetite regulating hormones among overweight or obese adults. Ninety-six participants were randomly allocated to receive biscuit fortified with whey protein isolate and wheat bran (Whey + WB), whey protein (Whey), wheat bran (WB), and control, for 8 weeks. Weight, BMI, and waist circumference decreased more in Whey group compared to WB and control, also energy intake decreased more in Whey group compared to the control group. Moreover, composite appetite score decreased more in both Whey + WB and Whey groups compared to the control group. GLP-1 increased more in Whey group compared to the control group, and high-density lipoprotein decreased less in Whey + WB and whey groups compared to WB. Consumption of biscuit fortified with whey protein isolate, with or without wheat bran reduce appetite, energy intake, and body weight in overweight or obese persons.
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