Effects of Biogenic Amines in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Biogenic amines in spoiled animal by-product feeds have been implicated in causing poor performance and intestinal lesions in broilers. This study was designed to determine if biogenic amines, at the concentrations found in animal by-product meals, would reduce performance in broilers or cause lesions. Twelve treatments were used in a 2 x 6 factorial arrangement with the main effects being either a corn-soybean meal diet or a corn-soybean meal diet with 10% animal by-products added and either no amines added or added levels of phenylethylamine (4.8 mg/kg), putrescine (49 mg/kg), cadaverine (107 mg/kg), histamine (131 mg/kg), or a combination of all these amines. Levels of biogenic amines used in this study simulated those found in areas with reported problems attributed to biogenic amines. Broilers were monitored for performance, gross lesions, and histologic evidence of lesions at 2, 4, and 6 wk. No consistent effects were observed on performance, and by the conclusion of the trial, no statistical differences were noted in the performance of any of the treatments. No gross lesions were observed on a consistent basis in any of the treatments. Histopathology was likewise unremarkable. On the basis of this study, it would appear that these four biogenic amines, at levels detected in the United States, do not pose a serious health concern for the broiler industry.