Abstract
The effects of biofloc technology (BFT) on growth and hepatopancreas histology of speckled shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros (initial weight: 8.32±0.69 g) were investigated for 30 days. The trial was conducted in fiberglass tanks (45 L) with biofloc (zero-water exchange) and without biofloc (water exchange 50% day-1). Different carbon sources (corn starch: CS and glycerine: G) and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation (with and without BFT) were tested in triplicate groups. At the end of the experiment, better growth performances, feed conversion ratio, and specific growth rates were detected in shrimps reared in BFT (CS, G, CS+MOS, G+MOS) groups. Measured water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, salinity, ammonium-NH4, and nitrate-NO3) did not differ between BFT and control groups. The total number of bacteria count of shrimp reared in the biofloc groups were higher (4.9x10-6±8.5x10-4 CFU mL-1) than that of in the without biofloc (3.7x10-6±5.4x10-4 CFU mL-1) groups. In this study BFT had no negative effects on hepatopancreatic tissue by histological assessment. It is suggested that corn starch as a carbon source in BFT with 3 g kg-1 MOS supplementation could be applied as healthy growth enhancer in speckled shrimp culture.
Highlights
Aquaculture plays a crucial role for supporting the world’s needs of protein (Jackson 2007; Kuhn et al 2010)
The best feed conversion ratio (FCR) of shrimp was observed in group CS+mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) and the highest FCR was calculated from the control group (P
The specific growth rate (%/day) and survival rate (%) of shrimp were higher in the biofloc treatments compared to the MOS and C, but no significant differences were detected among all groups (P>0.05)
Summary
Aquaculture plays a crucial role for supporting the world’s needs of protein (Jackson 2007; Kuhn et al 2010). According to FAO and World Bank 2030-2050 projections the production capacity of aquaculture should be doubled because of the population increases and global warming. The report proposes that agriculture will be practiced in marine environment. In order to achieve this successful and secure food production, the industry will obviously need to develop new technologies that will increase sustainable economic profitability and environmental concerns. Intensive aquaculture applications work with great amounts of clean water exchange ratios to sustain acceptable water quality Due to environmental concerns like conservation of water sources, the requirement for more ecologically sound management and aquaculture practices is growing steadily (Emerenciano et al 2012)
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