Abstract
Animal-manure biochar used as a sustainable amendment to garden soil has been widely applied, and the animal-manure pyrolysis temperatures would also have a regulatory effect on soil functions because of their affections on biochar physio-chemical properties. Here we studied the effects of different dosages of swine-manure biochar on tea garden soil functions, with the swine-manure pyrolysis temperature differed at 350 and 500°C. The results showed that the improvement of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and enzyme activities was closely related to the addition of 0.5–2% (biochar wt/soil wt) swine-manure biochar. Under different conditions of different carbon application rates and carbon type, the addition of 2% swine-manure biochar pyrolyzed at 350°C showed the best effects on soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents. Compared to the control, after the addition of 2% swine-manure biochar, sucrase, phosphatase, catalase, and urease activities increased by 63.3, 23.2, 50.3, and 27.9%, respectively. Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents also increased by 36.4 and 34.3%, respectively. Our study indicated that the effectiveness of using animal-manure swine-manure biochar as a sustainable amendment to soil would provide evidence of tea garden soil improvement and the environmental response to the usage of biochars.
Highlights
IntroductionWhat follows is the exponential increase of waste from animals, which would cause disruption to the environment
The livestock and poultry industry is developing rapidly
The results obtained in this study showed that the soil biochemical reactions would be enhanced with using swine-manure biochars pyrolyzed at 350°C as soil amendment
Summary
What follows is the exponential increase of waste from animals, which would cause disruption to the environment. Biochars derived from the animal wastes have been used as a new type of soil amendment and received extensive attention in agriculture (Uchimiya and Hiradate, 2014). Manure-derived biochars have been studied for improved soil quality and plant nutrient availability rather than using conventional manure (Banik et al, 2021), and these biochars often show different pore, surface, and chemical properties under different pyrolysis temperatures (Tsai et al, 2012). Its porous characteristics and high specific surface area are conducive to the soil water holding capacity, increased soil porosity, reduced bulk density, and excellent adsorption capacity for organic pollutants in the soil environment, all of which will provide
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