Abstract
Nonalcoholic beverages are usually consumed accompanying alcoholic drinks, and their effects on alcohol metabolism are unclear in vivo. In this study, the effects of 20 nonalcoholic beverages on alcohol metabolism and liver injury caused by alcohol were evaluated in mice. Kunming mice were orally fed with alcohol (52%, v/v) and beverages. The concentrations of ethanol and acetaldehyde in blood as well as the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in liver were assessed to indicate alcohol metabolism. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in serum as well as the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver were measured to reflect the alcohol-induced liver injury. The results showed that the treatment of soda water, green tea and honey chrysanthemum tea could accelerate ethanol metabolism and prevent liver injuries caused by alcohol when companied with excessive alcohol drinking. They might be potential dietary supplements for the alleviation of harmful effects from excessive alcohol consumption. On the contrary, some beverages such as fresh orange juice and red bull are not advised to drink when companied with alcohol consumption due to their adverse effects on ethanol induced liver injury.
Highlights
Consumption of alcohol is rapidly increasing in the world
Ethanol is first metabolized into acetaldehyde mainly through alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), acetaldehyde is converted into acetic acid with catalysis of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) [8,9]
The levels of blood alcohol and acetaldehyde are rapidly elevated 2 h after alcohol consumption when compared with the normal group (Table 1)
Summary
Consumption of alcohol is rapidly increasing in the world. Epidemiological studies have shown low-to-moderate alcohol consumption is beneficial for several cardiovascular diseases and other diseases such as diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis [1,2,3]. Excessive drinking does much harm to human health, causing hangover symptoms, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocarcinoma [4,5,6]. The primary mediators of adverse effects caused by excessive alcohol consumption appear to be oxidative stress and ethanol’s first metabolite, acetaldehyde [10]. The consumption of alcoholic beverages is often accompanied by some food and drinks such as meats, vegetables, fruits, and non-alcoholic beverages. Li et al [14] have evaluated the effects of 57 kinds of non-alcohol beverages including herbal infusions, tea, and carbonated beverages on ADH and ALDH activities in vitro. It is worth attempting to investigate the effects of different non-alcoholic beverages on alcohol metabolism in vivo, including potential health benefits and harmful impacts. It is full of significance to look for some effective beverages capable of reducing the toxicity of alcohol and other beverages which are inappropriate to drink after alcohol consumption
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