Effects of batroxobin and electric cauterization on vascular remodeling of rabbit with a removal of carotid arterial adventitia

Abstract

To explore the topical hemostatic effects of batroxobin (BX) and electric cauterization (EC) on capillary hemorrhage of rabbit with a removal of carotid arterial adventitia. A total of 27 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control, BX and EC groups. Each group received BX (2 kU/L), EC (power = 40 W) and saline for topical hemostasis after a removal of carotid arterial adventitia and blunt dissection. The animals were euthanized by 0, 14 and 28 d post-operation. The specimens of adventitia removal section were divided into three parts for histology (hematoxylin and eosin, MASSON & transmission electron microscope), immunohistochemistry (IHC) [monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). At Day 28 post-operation, the remodeling index, stenotic rate and collagen fiber density of BX and EC groups were (0.753 ± 0.0739) and (0.618 ± 0.0989), (0.298 ± 0.030)% and (0.363 ± 0.039)%, (15.4 ± 3.5)% and (23.4 ± 5.1)% respectively. There was statistically significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05) while no difference existed between hemocoagulase and control groups. The results of electron microscopy showed that the atrial fibroblasts of EC group increased markedly versus BX group. As demonstrated by RT-PCR and IHC, the expressions of MCP-1, TGF-β1 and VEGF in BX group were lower than those in EC group (P < 0.05) while no difference versus the control group. As a safe and effective topical hemostatic method, BX can effectively decrease inflammation response and reduce vascular remodeling and narrowing in rabbits with a removal of carotid arterial adventitia. And its effect mimic closely natural conditions.