Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two local anesthetics used on auriculopalpebral block on eyelid akinesia, tear production, intraocular pressure (IOP) and tear break-up time (TBUT) in conscious dogs. A blind, randomized, prospective study was conducted to determine the effects of auriculopalpebral block using ropivacaine 0.75% and bupivacaine 0.5% in 12 healthy non-brachycephalic dogs (24 eyes). Threat response and eyelid reflex tests, Schirmer tear test (STT), IOP and tear break-up time were conducted before blockage and at 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360 minutes after application. A difference was observed between the values found at 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes compared to baseline for threat response and eyelid reflex tests in the two groups evaluated, proving eyelid akinesia after blockages. No difference was found for STT, IOP and TBUT between baseline values and post-anesthesia times or between groups. It was possible to conclude that ropivacaine and bupivacaine on auriculopalpebral block in conscious dogs promoted eyelid akinesia for at least 240 minutes, not altering ocular physiological parameters of tear production, intraocular pressure, and tear break-up time after blockages.
Highlights
The use of locoregional anesthesia is widely disseminated in veterinary ophthalmology for providing adequate analgesia and akinesia
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two local anesthetics used on auriculopalpebral block on eyelid akinesia, tear production, intraocular pressure (IOP) and tear break-up time (TBUT) in conscious dogs
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of different local anesthetics, such as bupivacaine and ropivacaine for auriculopalpebral block in conscious dogs, on ocular parameters using Schirmer tear test, tear break-up time, tonometry, and colorimetric test with fluorescein
Summary
The use of locoregional anesthesia is widely disseminated in veterinary ophthalmology for providing adequate analgesia and akinesia. The locoregional anesthesia as a single protocol in ophthalmology may be required for less invasive clinical procedures and diagnostic maneuvers, especially for routines in large-sized animals (Michou and Leece 2012). Eyelid anesthetic blocks are used in cases resulting from acute painful processes, such as ocular traumas, eyelid lacerations, corneal ulcers, and ocular foreign bodies, providing comfort to patients and assistance to the veterinary physician, and may be used for the canine species (Mathews et al 2014). Eyelid akinesia may be required in cases of blepharospasms, in which friction of the eyelids on the ocular surface results in eye lesions or prevents assessment by the veterinary physician (Featherstone and Heinrich 2013)
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