Effects of atropine 0.01% on refractive errors in children with myopia

Abstract

BackgroundLittle is known about changes in astigmatism during atropine treatment. We aimed to explore the effects of atropine 0.01% eye drops on both spherical and cylindrical refractive errors in myopic children. MethodsChildren aged 6–14 years with myopia ≥ −6.00 D and < −0.50 D, and total astigmatism > −2.00 D in at least one eye were enrolled. Subjects were randomised either to receive atropine 0.01% once nightly with single-vision lenses or simply to wear single-vision lenses and were followed up at 3-month intervals. Cycloplegic refraction and axial length were measured. The magnitude and direction of total astigmatism (TA), corneal astigmatism (CA), and residual astigmatism (RA) were evaluated. ResultsOverall, 119 eyes (69 eyes in the atropine group and 50 eyes in the control group) were included in the final analyses after 9 months. Atropine-treated eyes showed significantly less progression of myopia than did control eyes (spherical equivalent: −0.35 ± 0.33 vs. −0.56 ± 0.49 D, p = 0.001; axial length: 0.20 ± 0.19 vs. 0.33 ± 0.19 mm, p < 0.001). Compared with control eyes (−0.04 ± 0.23 D), a significant increase in TA was observed in the atropine-treated eyes (−0.14 ± 0.29 D); this was mainly attributed to the increase in CA (−0.17 ± 0.26 D) rather than the minor decrease in RA (0.02 ± 0.32 D). ConclusionsAtropine 0.01% was effective in preventing myopia progression, whereas 9 months of atropine treatment resulted in a clinically small, but statistically significant increase in TA in myopic Chinese children.