Abstract
Transport in water is the most common method for achieving high survival rates when transporting cultured fish in China; yet, transport success relies on proper water quality and conditions. This research was designed to explore the effects of ascorbic acid and β-1,3-glucan on survival, physiological responses, and flesh quality of farmed tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) during simulated transport. The transport water temperature for live tiger grouper was 15 °C, which had the highest survival rate, the lowest stress response, and metabolic rate, and this will reduce the susceptibility to diseases. It is stated that β-1,3-glucan influences the changes of cortisol content, heat shock protein 70, IL-1β, and IgM transcription levels during simulated transport. Rather than using ascorbic acid alone (the A-group), β-1,3-glucan (3.2 mg/L) in the presence of ascorbic acid (25 mg/L) can effectively reduce the increase of transport-induced serum cortisol content, heat shock protein 70, and IL-1β, but stimulated IgM. 25 mg/L ascorbic acid and 3.2 mg/L β-1,3-glucan had no obvious effect on the nutritional indexes and flavor of live tiger grouper; however, these can effectively reduce the stress response, improve the innate immune activity, and ensure a higher survival rate.
Highlights
Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry in the world, providing one of the most sustainable forms of edible protein and nutrient production [1]
After the tiger grouper had acclimated for two days, the water temperature was adjusted at a rate of 2 ◦ C/h from room temperature to 10, 13, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 ◦ C, respectively [38]
The results demonstrated that value of inosine monophosphate (IMP) was higher than 10
Summary
Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry in the world, providing one of the most sustainable forms of edible protein and nutrient production [1]. 61.7% of total world production [2]. High demand for fish is due to an increased consumer awareness of healthy food [3]. These increases have occurred in some commercially important species, such as grouper, seabass, rainbow trout, tilapia, large yellow croaker, and catfish. Live fish species are sold at a higher price than frozen ones. Research regarding the handling and transport of live fish to improve the viability of commercial fish is essential
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