Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of arsenic (As III ) on lipid peroxidation, glutathione content and antioxidant enzymes in growing pigs. Ninety-six Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire crossbred growing pigs (48 barrows and 48 gilts, respectively) were randomly assigned to four groups and each group was randomly assigned to three pens (four barrows and four gilts). The four groups received the same corn-soybean basal diet which was supplemented with 0, 10, 20, 30 mg/kg As respectively. Arsenic was added to the diet in the form of As2O3. The experiment lasted for seventy-eight days after a seven-day adaptation period. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione (GSH) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were analyzed in serum, livers and kidneys of pigs. The results showed that pigs treated with 30 mg As/kg diet had a decreased average daily gain (ADG) (p<0.05) and an increased feed/gain ratio (F/G) (p<0.05) compared to the controls. The levels of MDA significantly increased (p<0.05), and the contents of GSH and the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the pigs fed 30 mg As/kg diet. The results indicated that the mechanism of arsenic-induced oxidative stress in growing pigs involved lipid peroxidation, depletion of glutathione and decreased activities of some enzymes, such as SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST, which are associated with free radical metabolism. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2006. Vol 19, No. 5 : 727-733)
Highlights
Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous element in the environment. human carcinogen
The results indicated that the mechanism of arsenic-induced oxidative stress in growing pigs involved lipid peroxidation, depletion of glutathione and decreased activities of some enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and GST, which are associated with free radical metabolism
Feed intake per pen was recorded for the experimental period, and each pig was weighed at the beginning and the end of experiment to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed/gain ratio (F/G)
Summary
Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous element in the environment. human carcinogen. This classification is based on Weathering of rocks converts arsenic sulfides to arsenic epidemiological studies which show an association of trioxide, which enters the arsenic cycle as dust or by exposure to arsenic and the development of cancer. The dissolution in rain, rivers, or groundwater (Mandal and evidence for arsenic carcinogenicity in animals, Suzuki, 2002). Many different mechanisms of and animal kingdoms Arsenic occurs in both organic and inorganic forms in include genotoxicity, cell proliferation, altered DNA repair nature but inorganic species of arsenic [As(III) and As(V)] and DNA methylated oxidative stress, co-carcinogenesis, represent a potential threat to the environment, human and tumor promotion (Hughes, 2002). 50-80 kg: vitamin A, 3,500 IU; vitamin D3, 400 IU; vitamin E, 30 IU; vitamin B2, 5.2 mg; nicotinic acid, 20 mg; d-pantothenic acid, 18 mg; vitamin B12, 0.02 mg; biotin, 0.15 mg; choline, 0.77 mg. Fe (FeSO4⋅H2O) 100 mg, Cu (CuSO4⋅5H2O) 100 mg, Zn (ZnSO4⋅H2O) 120 mg, Mn (MnSO4⋅H2O) 60 mg; Se (NaSe2O3), 0.15 mg. b Calculated analyses were based on nutrient contents of ingredients listed in NRC (1998)
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