Abstract
BackgroundMastitis gives rise to big financial burden to farm industry (mainly dairy production) and public health. Its incidence is currently high and therefore, highly effective treatments for therapy, especially with natural products are required. Taraxacum officinale has been reported to use for anti-inflammation. However, its effect on endothelium during mastitis has not been reported.MethodsWe firstly established inflammation experimental model of rat mammary microvascular endothelial cells (RMMVECs). We evaluated the effects of dandelion leaf aqueous extracts (DAE) on LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators in RMMVECs by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. We treated RMMVECs with 1 μg/ml LPS for 4 h and then incubated with 10, 100 and 200 μg/mL DAE for 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. The expression (mRNA and protein level) of targets (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) and Intracellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM1) was analyzed by employing real-time PCR and Western blots. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of DAE on mastitis within an Staphylococcus aureus-induced mouse model was also determined.ResultsThe obtained results showed that dandelion extracts at the concentration of 100 and 200 μg/mL could significantly inhibit both TNF-α and ICAM-1 expression in all time points checked while 10 μg/mL of dandelion only suppress both expression at 8 and 12 h post-treatment. The in vivo tests showed that the DAE inhibited the expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1 in a time-dependent manner.ConclusionsAll results suggest that the endothelium may use as as a possible target of dandelion for anti-inflammation.
Highlights
Mastitis gives rise to big financial burden to farm industry and public health
We investigated the effect of dandelion extract on the releasing of TNF-α and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) from cultured rat mammary microvascular endothelial cells in response to LPS-stimulation
Reversetranscription kit was from Takara (Tokyo, Japan). antiTNF-α monoclonal antibody, A biotinylated antibody, HRP-labeled avidin, anti-rat ICAM-1 antibody, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled rabbit anti-goat immunoglobulin G (IgG), Anti βactin monoclonal antibody and antibody recognizing rat Clusters of differentiation (CD34) were purchased from Boster (Wuhan, China)
Summary
Mastitis gives rise to big financial burden to farm industry (mainly dairy production) and public health. Taraxacum officinale extracts could induce cytotoxicity to hepatoma cell line HepG2 by increasing TNF-α production, leading to apoptosis [11]. Endothelium is a critical interface for bridging the signals between upstream and downstream during inflammation involved in mastitis It provide a physical barrier between the blood stream and underlying vascular smooth muscle cells and play a critical role in the regulation of both vascular tone and changes in the growth and morphology of the vessel wall by maintaining a vital balance between the various dilating and constrictor processes. We investigated the effect of dandelion extract on the releasing of TNF-α and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) from cultured rat mammary microvascular endothelial cells in response to LPS-stimulation
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