Abstract
Based on the expended method of complex Gaussion functions, the recurrence propagation formulae of Laguerre- Gaussian (LG) beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) through optical system with aperture is studied. The photon orbital angular momentum density function and state vector of LG beam are derived in cylindrical coordinates. The light intensity distribution of the first order LG beam through optical system with aperture was numerically simulated. The effects of the obscuration ratio on the propagation characteristics of different wavelength LG beams based on two optical physical models with an aperture, and the phase distribution and changes in the orbital angular momentum density of LG beam propagating through optical system were studied. Results show that the effects of the obscuration ratio on the propagation characteristics of LG beams are closely related to the wavelength. The obscuration ratio has much effect on the orbital angular momentum density, and the waist radius of LG beams has no obvious effect on the orbital angular momentum. These results provide some theoretical bases for the vortex beam with orbital angular momentum used in encoding of free space optical communication.
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