Abstract
Measurements of the solubility and metastable zone width (MSZW) of borax decahydrate (disodium tetraborate decahydrate) within chloride, sulfate and carbonate solutions were carried out. The MSZW was measured by the conventional polythermal method with turbidity technology. The results showed that the addition of impurities decreased solubility. The main factor reducing solubility is the common ion effect, but the salt effect is also significant in the complex system. The addition of impurities broadened the MSZW. The MSZW was wider at first, then decreased with the addition of NaCl, yet the MSZW widened with the addition of Na2SO4 within the concentration range studied. This can be explained by adsorption and diffusion. The data of solubility and MSZW were analyzed by applying the Van’t Hoff equation and the classical 3D nucleation theory approach, respectively. By calculating the corresponding parameters, the experimental phenomena are further explained from the perspective of thermodynamics and dynamics.
Highlights
Brine is an important liquid mineral resource which is usually rich in lithium, potassium, boron and many other rare elements [1]
It can be seen that the X-ray diffraction patterns are identical according to the reference data from joint committee on power diffraction standards (JCPDS), the reference code is 01-75-1078 [13]
The solubility of borax decahydrate in pure water was determined first; the results were in good agreement with the literature values indicating that the method was reliable [14]
Summary
Brine is an important liquid mineral resource which is usually rich in lithium, potassium, boron and many other rare elements [1]. Researchers found that there are many forms of boron precipitation, but borax decahydrate was the main type that resulted from carbonate-type brine [4] For this reason, borax decahydrate was chosen to study the changes of solubility and metastable zone width (MSZW) to deliver fundamental information for the exploitation and utilization of carbonate-type brine. The solubility became higher and the MSZW became wider in all the experiments Most researchers attributed these changes to cations, with much less emphasis being placed on the study of anion effects. The MSZW is closely related to the kind and concentration of impurities, temperature, stirring, seeds and many other factors, which makes it difficult to perform a further study. The value of the interfacial energy γ, the kinetic factor A and other parameters can be calculated by the slope F1 and intercept F according to the formulas above
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