Abstract
Soil fertility attributes are relevant to improved crop yield and can be enhanced by organic manure from animal sources. The effect of animal manure on soil properties and performance (yield) of soybean Glycine max (L.) merri was evaluated. A pot experiment was conducted at the Screen house, of the Akwa Ibom State University Teaching and Research farm, Obio Akpa in 2020. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design in a 3 x 4 split plot arrangement replicated 3 times. The three manure sources served as the main plot (pig manure, goat manure, and poultry manure) and the four rates of manure (0, 10, 20, 40g/plant) as subplots. Before planting the soil sample was analyzed for its physical and chemical properties as well as the manure for its chemical composition. Results showed that the addition of manure did not change the soil’s textural class which was sandy. Animal manure contained essential plant nutrients (N.P.K, OM, Ca, Mg). The chemical properties showed a slight change upon application of animal manures when compared with the control. The trend of pH values were: pig manure (5.6) > poultry manure (5.2) > goat manure (5.0) >control (4.4). The trend of organic matter values were poultry (4.82%) > pig manure (4.65%)>goat manure (3.8%). The trend of available phosphorus were; pig manure (24.9 mg kg-1 ) > poultry (24.6 mg kg-1 )> goat manure (17.0 mg kg-1 ) > control (13.7 mg kg-1 ). There were no significant interactions between manure rate and type on soybean yield parameters but there was a single effect of manure rate on yield parameters. Animal manure at 40 grams/plant produced the highest pod no/plant (10.89), no of seeds/pod (30.44) and grain yield. The trend of animal manure on grain yield at 40 grams/plant were poultry manure (0.98 tonnes ha-1 )> pig manure (0.94 tonnes ha-1 )> goat manure (0.85tonnes ha-1 ). Therefore, poultry manure at 40 grams/plant was recommended for the cultivation of soybean in the study area.
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