Abstract
Having knowledge of fluid flows within the mold region of a billet continuous caster is of paramount importance to reduce a product’s internal and external defects. In this regard, a three-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate the influence of the orientation of a five-port submerged entry nozzle (SEN) on the flow field of liquid steel within the mold region of a curved, square billet, continuous caster. The realizable k– epsilon turbulence model, together with the volume of fluid multiphase model, was used to simulate the effects of turbulence on these fluid flows, and their impact on the liquefied mold powder layer sitting on top of the liquid steel within the mold. The behavior of flows generated in the mold cavity was validated against previous experimental work. The numerical results showed that the modified SEN’s horizontal angle of rotation can significantly change the flow pattern within the billet mold. These changes can stabilize the liquid steel meniscus, which is expected to improve the quality of continuously cast products by decreasing mold powder entrainment.
Highlights
The World Steel Association reported that, in 2016, more than 95% of steel solidified worldwide was produced by conventional continuous casting processes.[1]
Morales et al.[6,7,8,9] developed a fluid flow model to study the effect of new submerged entry nozzle (SEN) designs on mold powder entrainment (MPE) for both round and square billet casting processes
Based on their numerical and physical modeling results, their proposed curved ported SEN could reduce the risk of MPE, due to swirling flows created in the mold cavity
Summary
The World Steel Association reported that, in 2016, more than 95% of steel solidified worldwide was produced by conventional continuous casting processes.[1]. Sun et al.[5] developed a mathematical model for a newly designed quadfurcated SEN that could produce strong swirling flow within the mold region This reduced the depth of impingement of the molten steel jet and accelerated inclusion flotation processes. Morales et al.[6,7,8,9] developed a fluid flow model to study the effect of new SEN designs on mold powder entrainment (MPE) for both round and square billet casting processes Based on their numerical and physical modeling results, their proposed curved ported SEN could reduce the risk of MPE, due to swirling flows created in the mold cavity
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