Abstract
Histologic examination of the kidneys of 34 infants who died following cardiac catheterization revealed medullary necrosis in 3 and proximal tubular epithelial vacuolization in another 4. In piglets, intra-aortic administration of either sodium iothalamate or meglumine diatrizoate caused a prompt and sustained decrease in renal blood flow. Histologic examination of the kidneys revealed changes in tubular epithelium similar to those observed in the infants. In a prospective study of children undergoing cardiac catheterization, 8 infants developed hematuria after administration of contrast material, 3 to 5 ml. per kilogram of body weight. Hematuria did not occur when the dose did not exceed 3 ml. per kilogram. These studies indicate that contrast material utilized in cardiac catheterization can influence renal function and may produce irreversible renal damage.
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