Effects of an educational program on self-efficacy towards type 1 diabetes mellitus disease among parents and adolescents in Jordan

Abstract

BackgroundType 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common childhood chronic diseases worldwide. In Jordan, the prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly over the last few years. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a challenging disease since appropriate management of parents' and adolescents' diabetes requires knowledge, skills, and behavioral changes. ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of a diabetes education program on self-efficacy towards type 1 diabetes mellitus among parents of young children and adolescents. MethodsA one-group pre-test-post-test study design was used. Participants registered in a diabetes education program and completed both pre-and post-test. ResultsA total of 44 participants; 29 parents and 15 adolescents completed pre- and post-education tests. There was a statistically significant difference in the average mean score from the pre-test (M = 3.51, SD = 0.615) to the post-test [M = 4.22, SD = 0.484, t (43) =6.704, p < 0.000] for the self-efficacy scale, and overall self-efficacy scores were significantly improved after undertaking the education program. ConclusionBased on the findings, it is suggested that providing an evidence-based type 1 diabetes mellitus education program could significantly positively affect the self-efficacy of adolescents and parents of young children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. RecommendationStaff nurses should be competent enough to provide basic diabetic health education to the adolescents, parents, and caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.