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Abstract
High protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG) were tested in combination with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) or soy protein concentrate (SPC), with and without an essential amino acid complex, to assess utility of these plant protein alternatives in Yellow Perch Perca flavescens diets in a 63-d feeding trial. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain equal amounts of HP-DDG and FSBM or SPC, each with and without essential amino acids and compared to a fish meal/HP-DDG reference diet. Fish that received diets containing SPC displayed the greatest weight gain, feed conversion, and apparent protein digestibility. Weight gain was significantly reduced and feed conversion significantly increased in the diet containing FSBM without essential amino acids. No mortalities or health assessment differences were observed during the trial and all treatment fish readily accepted the experimental diets.
Highlights
The demand for fishmeal (FM) as a feedstuff for aquaculture and other livestock feed production will likely exceed sustainable supplies if feed demand for the aquaculture industry continues to increase at its current rate [1]
When essential amino acid (EAA) were compared among the FM and plant ingredients, FM contained the highest total concentrations of EAAs, followed by soy protein concentrate (SPC), fermented soybean meal (FSBM), and High protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG), respectively (Table 1)
Results from this study demonstrate that ingredient blends such has HP-DDG+SPC can be used to replace FM providing that EAA supplements are included in the diet of Yellow Perch
Summary
The demand for fishmeal (FM) as a feedstuff for aquaculture and other livestock feed production will likely exceed sustainable supplies if feed demand for the aquaculture industry continues to increase at its current rate [1]. Aquaculture production increased at a rate of 10% annually during the 1990s and has averaged nearly 6% annually since 2000 [2]. As FM demand increases, prices have followed a similar trend leading to increasingly expensive aquaculture feeds. Most carnivorous and omnivorous commercial fish feeds contain FM due to the fact that it is the most cost-effective complete protein source available; prices rose sharply since 2008 have and fluctuated around $1,550 per metric ton on average from 2010-2020 (Commodity Prices, Fish Meal, Index Mundi.com, 2020). In an effort to reduce dependence on fish meal and cost of fish feeds, plant-based proteins have been tested and continue to be a high priority area of research [3,5,6]
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