Abstract
Transient pressure induced by the trains passing through tunnels has a significant influence on tunnel structural safety. When tunnels are constructed at somewhere with high altitude and low atmospheric pressure the impact of ambient pressure cannot be ignored. In the current study, a three-dimensional, unsteady, compressible, RNG ᴋ–ε turbulence model, and the dynamic mesh was employed to explore the effect of ambient pressure on the propagation characteristics of pressure waves inside the tunnel when the train passes through the tunnel at the same speed (100 km/h). Results show that (1) The ambient pressure has limited influence on the waveform of the pressure but strongly affects the peak value of pressure wave, where positive peak value P-max and peak-to-peak pressure difference ΔP linearly increase and negative peak value P-min proportionally decreases with the increase of ambient pressures; (2) The initial compression wave ΔPN and pressure increase caused by the friction effect ΔPfr linearly increase as ambient pressures increases. However, the ratio of ΔPN to P-max is not sensitive to the ambient pressure and values of ΔPNP-max remains to be constant.
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