Abstract
12 naive rats were run on a variable-interval punishment schedule (superimposed on a variable-interval food schedule) during 4 punishment periods, alternated with 4 no-punishment periods. Punishment intensity for the 4 punishment periods was varied in two sequences: 0.4 ma., 1.0 ma., 0.4 ma., and 1.0 ma., or vice versa. Two effects of punishment were observed: (1) an immediate, but reversible, suppressive effect during punishment and (2) a permanent, gradual decremental effect which was observed during post-punishment sessions. The two effects appeared to function reciprocally. When strong suppression during the weaker punishment (first effect) occurred in some Ss, there was better recovery following punishment to pre-punishment levels (no second effect); however, if little suppression (no first effect) occurred and S continued to respond, there was more eventual response decrement (second effect).
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