Abstract
Air pollutants exert various effects on plants, which then show various responses to the pollutants (Alscher and Wellburn 1994; Yunus and Iqbal 1996). Among the effects and responses, those at the level of gene expression are rapidly becoming one of the best understood. For instance, several reviews on the effects of ozone (O3) on gene expression in plants (Kangasjarvi et al. 1994; Pell et al. 1994, 1997; Schraudner et al. 1996, 1997; Sandermann 1996; Sharma and Davis 1997) and one on the molecular effects of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in plants (Okpodu et al. 1996) have appeared. Overall, reports on this subject area relating to O3 outnumber those concerning other air pollutants. This chapter summarizes the effects of phytotoxic air pollutants on gene expression in higher plants, and discusses the application of this research field to environmental biotechnology.
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