Effects of AI understanding-training on AI literacy, usage, self-determined interactions, and anthropomorphization with voice assistants

Abstract

Intelligent voice assistants (IVAs) such as Alexa or Siri are voice-based Artificial Intelligence systems that help users with various everyday tasks using simple voice commands. However, users often only have a superficial understanding of how the Artificial Intelligence (AI) integrated into IVAs works, which leads to misunderstandings and potential risks of use. To promote self-determined interaction with IVAs, the development of specific AI-related skills, such as a comprehensive understanding of AI, is crucial. Based on learning psychology and media pedagogy principles, two online training modules were developed to deepen the understanding of AI concerning IVAs and enable self-determined interaction. A total of 99 participants took part in the training. The results show that the training promotes both understanding of AI and AI literacy. It also increases the intention to use IVAs, promotes a positive attitude, and enhances the willingness for self-determined interaction. In addition, the training contributes to a more realistic assessment of the IVAs' capabilities and reduces anthropomorphic perceptions. Overall, the study emphasizes the relevance of specific AI skills and shows how targeted training can contribute to improving these skills. Thus, the present work contributes to improving the availability of digital education programs.