Effects of Aerobic Exercise Along with Garlic Supplementation on Oxidative Stress and Sex Hormones in the Ovarian Tissue of Rats Under Wi-Fi Electromagnetic Radiation

Abstract

Background: Electromagnetic radiation has different effects on body organs, including gonads and fertility. Information about the harmful impacts of Wi-Fi radiation on the oxidant-antioxidant system of ovarian tissue is limited. Objectives: Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of eight weeks of aerobic exercise along with garlic supplements on the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and sex hormones in the ovarian tissue of rats under Wi-Fi electromagnetic radiation. Methods: This experimental study was performed on 40 Sprague Dawley female rats aged about 8 weeks. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, Wi-Fi radiation, aerobic exercise + Wi-Fi radiation, garlic supplement + Wi-Fi radiation, and aerobic exercise + garlic supplement + Wi-Fi radiation. Wi-Fi radiation was induced 1 h/day at a frequency of 2.45 GHz from a Wi-Fi modem. Endurance exercise was performed as three 60-minute sessions per week for 8 weeks with 50%-60% maximum running speed. Garlic supplement was given to rats for 8 weeks in drinking water at the dose of 800 mg/kg daily. Results: The results of this study showed that Wi-Fi radiation led to a decrease in the SOD and GPx levels, as well as an increase in the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and MDA levels in rats (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, garlic supplements diminished the FSH and MDA concentrations, as well as elevated the SOD levels in rats under Wi-Fi radiation. It was observed that aerobic exercise caused a decline in the FSH and MDA levels and a rise in the luteinizing hormone and SOD of the rats under Wi-Fi radiation. Furthermore, aerobic exercise along with garlic supplements reduced the FSH levels and augmented the SOD and GPx concentrations in rats under Wi-Fi radiation (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study, aerobic exercise and garlic supplements both have lowering effects on oxidative stress and synergistically increase antioxidants. In addition, aerobic exercise and garlic supplements alone improve the sex hormones of rats exposed to Wi-Fi radiation.