Effects of adrenalectomy on macronutrient selection patterns in the rat

Abstract

The present studies examined the effects of adrenalectomy (ADX) on nutrient selection of rats over the 24-h period, as well as during the first 2 h of the nocturnal feeding cycle. Results indicate that ADX, in rats showing generally similar preferences for carbohydrate and fat, equally suppresses intake of both of these nutrients over the 24-h period. The relative impact of ADX on carbohydrate and fat intake may shift depending upon baseline, with carbohydrate-preferring rats showing a stronger decrease in intake of this diet after ADX and fat-preferring rats exhibiting a greater decline in fat intake after ADX. Acute injections of corticosterone (CORT) and aldosterone (ALDO) are both found to restore carbohydrate as well as fat intake to ADX rats over the 24-h period. However, in the first 2 h of the dark feeding cycle, carbohydrate intake is found to be selectively suppressed after ADX, and CORT injection (0.5 and 2.0 mg/kg, SC) restores carbohydrate intake during this early dark period, while producing a small increase in fat intake only at the higher dose. This is in contrast to ALDO administration at dark onset, which has a stronger stimulatory effect on fat intake in the ADX rat but does not fully restore carbohydrate intake. These findings indicate that CORT and ALDO have differential effects on nutrient intake in ADX rats particularly at the onset of the dark cycle, and it is suggested that these effects are mediated, respectively, by the type I and type II steroid receptor systems in the brain.