Abstract
The incidence of osteoporosis is increasing as the population ages, as is the need to manage and prevent it. Adolescence is the period when the fastest development of bone mass takes place. Increasing adolescents’ maximum bone mass and avoiding the risk factors for its loss are effective for preventing osteoporosis. This study investigated the factors influencing adolescents’ bone mineral density (BMD). The participants were 126 middle- and high-school students from Gangwon-do; 47.6% (n = 60) were male, with an average age of 15 (range 12–18) years of age. It was found that age, carbonated beverages, snacks, and calcium supplements were variables that showed significant differences in adolescents’ BMD. Additionally, through correlation analysis, it was found that height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body water, protein, minerals, body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass were correlated with BMD. Multiple regression analysis identified age, calcium supplements, BMI, body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass as BMD-associated factors. These results show that adolescents’ BMD is higher with lower body fat mass, higher BMI and skeletal muscle mass, and a higher intake of calcium supplements.
Highlights
With the population aging worldwide, the incidence of osteoporosis is increasing, and the disease has been recognized as a serious public health problem [1]
From our univariate analysis on the relationship between adolescents’ body composition and their bone mineral density (BMD), we found that numerous variables, including the participants’ height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body water, protein levels, mineral levels, body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass, were related to their overall BMD
This study was conducted to understand the relationship between lifestyle habits and body composition, factors that affect BMD in adolescents
Summary
With the population aging worldwide, the incidence of osteoporosis is increasing, and the disease has been recognized as a serious public health problem [1]. An increase in osteoporosis cases due to aging has been suggested as an important public health problem, with its management and prevention being sought at the national level [4]. Osteoporosis, a representative metabolic disease caused by decreased bone mineral density (BMD), is not a problem by itself, but it can seriously impact the quality of life of the elderly through increased functional dependence and risk of fractures [5]. Preventive measures are necessary to manage osteoporosis, with the most effective method being to accumulate bone mass and subsequently delay its loss [8]. Increasing peoples’ maximum bone mass during adolescence to avoid risk factors associated with its loss later in life would be the most effective way to prevent future osteoporosis
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