Abstract
The aim of the investigation presented here was to understand how the viscosity parameters of an adhesive layer affect group velocity and attenuation of the double-layer adhered pipe. Various parameter combinations (attenuation of longitudinal wave and shear wave, pαL and qαT; thickness, d; and density, nρ) were utilized in order to generate different uncured degrees of the adhesive layer. In the frequency range 0∼500 kHz, the group velocity dispersion curves and attenuation dispersion curves were obtained from these models. Then, the group velocity and attenuation of the two commonly used modes, L0,2 and T0,1, were compared and analyzed. The results have shown that it is important to remark that little effect on group velocity was caused, and significant linear increases of attenuation occur with increase in q, d, and n. However, variable p had little effect on attenuation; more modes emerged when d increased or n decreased, causing difficulties on mode identification and signal processing. The numerical results provided a useful way to evaluate bonding quality by measuring the group velocity and attenuation in the pipelines.
Highlights
Glass fiber reinforced pipes (GFRP) are widely applied to aerospace, construction, chemical equipment, medical devices, sports equipment, and other fields because of many advantages, such as high-pressure resistance, corrosion preventive, excellent flexibility, convenient installation, long service life, and so on. e adhesive layer can transmit stress, block crack, and absorb and scatter energy
Based on material properties of the adhesive layer, the dispersion behavior can be described by obtaining the group velocity curve and attenuation curve with the different adhesive quality [13,14,15]
Matt [16] performed semianalytical finite element (SAFE) analyses for CFRP plate-to-spar joints in unmanned aerial vehicles and provided substantial insight into the guided wave behavior within pristine and damaged joints; the SAFE method was adopted to the dispersive properties of the guided wave across a pipe elbow and in materials with viscoelastic properties (Shorter [17]; Lhemery et al [18]; Yan et al [19]); Scalea et al [20] studied the propagation of Advances in Materials Science and Engineering guided waves in adhesively bonded lap shear joints. e lowest-order, antisymmetric A0 strength of transmission was studied for three different bond states in aluminum joints
Summary
Glass fiber reinforced pipes (GFRP) are widely applied to aerospace, construction, chemical equipment, medical devices, sports equipment, and other fields because of many advantages, such as high-pressure resistance, corrosion preventive, excellent flexibility, convenient installation, long service life, and so on. e adhesive layer can transmit stress, block crack, and absorb and scatter energy. Matt [16] performed semianalytical finite element (SAFE) analyses for CFRP plate-to-spar joints in unmanned aerial vehicles and provided substantial insight into the guided wave behavior within pristine and damaged joints; the SAFE method was adopted to the dispersive properties of the guided wave across a pipe elbow and in materials with viscoelastic properties (Shorter [17]; Lhemery et al [18]; Yan et al [19]); Scalea et al [20] studied the propagation of Advances in Materials Science and Engineering guided waves in adhesively bonded lap shear joints. Hong [21] combined Hamilton’s principle and the semianalytical finite element method to study phase velocity dispersion curves of 16 layer adhesively bonded composites. Based on the fact that the defects of bonding structures are mainly related to acoustic properties, thickness, and density of the adhesive layer, this paper mainly studied the effect of these variations on dispersion characteristics of guided waves
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