Effects of Adding Probiotics on Food and the Human Body

Abstract

The normal growth and reproduction activities of probiotics have beneficial effects on the human body: regulating the human intestinal flora, promoting digestion and absorption, forming a barrier to protect the intestinal mucosa, reducing blood sugar and cholesterol, enhancing human immunity, scavenging free radicals to delay aging, etc. In addition, the active metabolites secreted by it also play an important role in the human body: decomposing cholesterol to produce acids to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, breaking down fats to produce short-chain fatty acids to promote the self-regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal cells, and metabolizing macromolecular substances (proteins, polysaccharides) to produce nutrients (amino acids, monosaccharides). And it is also widely used in food processing, human health and aquaculture. Probiotics also play an important role in food processing, where can change the pH value of food, extend the shelf life of food, improve the flavor of food, as a substitute for additives and increase the nutritional value of food. Although the traditional concept is that only live probiotics can exert their probiotic effects, more and more studies have shown that some of the probiotic effects of probiotics are closely related to their active metabolites, and some of the active metabolites produced by probiotics can stimulate tissue development and affect the body’s nutritional level and physiological functions. At present, the more studied probiotic active metabolites mainly include extracellular polysaccharides, bacteriocins, organic acids, short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, which has been shown to play an antibacterial, where can prevent and treat diseases, regulate and improve the state of the gastrointestinal tract, promote digestion and absorption and other effects. In this paper, two effects of probiotics on the human body are analyzed, including the effects of growth and reproduction and active secretions on human health, and the research progress of probiotics on dairy products and plant products. In addition, the relevant mechanisms of action are highly summarized. The effect of the clinical effective dose of probiotics on functional foods and improving physical health is elaborated, as well as the influencing factors of probiotic intake on intestinal health, and the recommendations of current international standard regulations on probiotic intake are introduced. Through the analysis of the effect of probiotic intake on human intestinal health, the types, functions and applications of probiotic active metabolites are reviewed, and the current existing problems are proposed, and it is hoped to provide practical reference for the industrialization and R&D application of food processing, health care, livestock breeding and other fields, as well as the formulation of probiotic-related standards and regulations.