Abstract
Background: Long hyperglycemic episodes trigger complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Postprandial glucose excursions can be reduced by acute physical activity. However, it is not yet clear which type of exercise has the best effect on postprandial glucose levels. Methods: Six T2DM patients participated in three 20-min moderate-intensity exercise sessions after breakfast in a randomized order: resistance exercise with whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS), resistance exercise without electromyostimulation (RES) and cycling endurance exercise (END). A continuous glucose monitoring system recorded glucose dynamics. Results: Postprandially-increased glucose levels decreased in all cases. Time to baseline (initial value prior to meal intake) was quite similar for WB-EMS, RES and END. Neither glucose area under the curve (AUC), nor time in range from the start of the experiment to its end (8 h later) differed significantly. A Friedman analysis of variance, however, revealed an overall significant difference for AUC in the post-exercise recovery phase (END seems to have superior effects, but post-hoc tests failed statistical significance). Conclusions: There are no notable differences between the effects of the different types of exercise on glucose levels, especially when comparing values over a longer period of time.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects over 450 million people worldwide with90–95% affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1]
T2DM was first diagnosed in the patients 5.3 (±3.3) years before the start of the investigation
EMS) or endurance exercise, can lower glucose levels in T2DM patients. The results of this preliminary study suggest that all types of exercise (WB-EMS, resistance exercise without electromyostimulation (RES), END) affect postprandial glucose concentrations
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects over 450 million people worldwide with90–95% affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1]. Muscle contractions during exercise lead to a translocation of glucose transporters within the muscle cell via an insulinindependent mechanism [5] This process corresponds to the physiological effect of insulin and induces a reduction in blood glucose levels [5]. Both insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance can be increased up to 24 h or more following physical exercise [6]. Postprandial glucose excursions can be reduced by acute physical activity It is not yet clear which type of exercise has the best effect on postprandial glucose levels. Conclusions: There are no notable differences between the effects of the different types of exercise on glucose levels, especially when comparing values over a longer period of time
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