Abstract
The adrenal gland responds to heat stress by epinephrine and glucocorticoid release to alleviate the adverse effects. This study investigated the effect of acute heat stress on the protein profile and histone modification in the adrenal gland of layer-type country chickens. A total of 192 roosters were subject to acute heat stress and thereafter classified into a resistant or susceptible group according to body temperature change. The iTRAQ analysis identified 80 differentially expressed proteins, in which the resistant group had a higher level of somatostatin and hydroxy-δ-5-steroid dehydrogenase but a lower parathymosin expression in accordance with the change of serum glucocorticoid levels. Histone modification analysis identified 115 histone markers. The susceptible group had a higher level of tri-methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and showed a positive crosstalk with K36me and K37me in the H3 tails. The differential changes of body temperature projected in physiological regulation at the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis suggest the genetic heterogeneity in basic metabolic rate and efficiency for heat dissipation to acclimate to thermal stress and maintain body temperature homeostasis. The alteration of adrenal H3K27me3 level was associated with the endocrine function of adrenal gland and may contribute to the thermotolerance of chickens.
Highlights
The adrenal gland responds to heat stress by epinephrine and glucocorticoid release to alleviate the adverse effects
The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis revealed that 80 of the 5,255 identified proteins were differentially expressed in the heat-stressed groups (Supplementary Table S1)
Compared to other organs, adrenal gland is a simple tissue with relatively limited functions in physiology and may have less differentially expressed proteins (DEPs)
Summary
The adrenal gland responds to heat stress by epinephrine and glucocorticoid release to alleviate the adverse effects. This study investigated the effect of acute heat stress on the protein profile and histone modification in the adrenal gland of layer-type country chickens. A total of 192 roosters were subject to acute heat stress and thereafter classified into a resistant or susceptible group according to body temperature change. Proteomics is a powerful tool for improving genetic selection, and has been applied in exploring the biological mechanisms of different tissues in response to heat stress[12,13,14]. These studies provide actual biomarkers for the evaluation of health status and stress tolerance in farm a nimals[15]. The alterations of HPTMs may serve as biomarkers in the complex traits of domestic animals such as growth, egg production and disease resistance involving a variety of uncovered regulators
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