Abstract
The following study evaluated effects of a xylanase and beta-glucanase combination on growth performance of broilers fed energy reduced versus nutritionally adequate maize-soybean meal-based diets. A total of 648, one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were assigned to floor-pens (24 birds/pen, nine pens/treatment, three treatments) in a randomised block design. Treatments included: (1) a nutritionally adequate positive control diet (PC); (2) a negative control (NC) diet in which energy, crude protein and digestible amino acids were reduced by 3.4% (-105 kcal apparent metabolisable energy), 2.3% and 1.2 to 3.0% vs PC, respectively; and (3) NC plus a xylanase and beta-glucanase combination that supplied 1,220 U xylanase and 152 U beta-glucanase per kilogram of final feed. All diets contained a background of 500 FTU/kg phytase and were offered to birds ad libitum. Birds fed NC showed reduced average daily gain (ADG) by -6.1% (P<0.05); increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 9.2 points (P<0.05), and overall (d 1-35) body weight corrected FCR which was increased by 9.4 points (P<0.05) vs the PC group. Enzyme supplementation increased final BW (+4.2%, P<0.05), ADG (+5.4%, P<0.05) and tended to reduce FCR (+7.5 points, P=0.054) from d 22-35 vs NC, without affecting average daily feed intake. Improvements in performance due to the enzyme combination were equivalent to performance on the PC diet in all cases. The results suggested that significant improvements in growth performance of broilers fed maize-soybean meal-based diets which had been reduced in energy and nutrients can be realised by supplementation with xylanase in combination with beta-glucanase.
Highlights
Viscous cereal grains, such as wheat, that form the basis of commercial broiler diets, are high in non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs), which typically comprise 9 to 10% total NSPs compared to 8 to 9% (Choct, 2006) in maize (Zea mays), but levels are considerably higher (19 to 23% total NSP) in industrial by-products such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) (Widyaratne and Zijlstra, 2007)
The present study investigated the effect of a commercially available xylanase-β-glucanase combination known to be effective in wheat-based diets (Munyaka et al, 2016), on growth performance of broilers fed a maize-soybean meal-based diet and containing full fat soybean meal
The enzyme combination was applied to a basal diet containing a moderate reduction in crude protein, energy and digestible amino acids, to determine whether the enzyme combination could recover performance compared with the level produced by a nutritionally adequate diet
Summary
Viscous cereal grains, such as wheat, that form the basis of commercial broiler diets, are high in non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs), which typically comprise 9 to 10% total NSPs compared to 8 to 9% (Choct, 2006) in maize (Zea mays), but levels are considerably higher (19 to 23% total NSP) in industrial by-products such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) (Widyaratne and Zijlstra, 2007). These are routinely used in wheat-based broiler feeds, as there is widespread evidence demonstrating the efficacy of xylanase, and, to a lesser extent, β-glucanase, beyond the benefits delivered by the almost ubiquitous use of phytase (Kiarie et al, 2014; Meng et al, 2005; Munyaka et al, 2016; Olukosi et al, 2007; Selle et al, 2009) and β-glucanase has been shown to be effective in diets containing barley (Mathlouthi et al, 2003; Jozefiak et al, 2006). The enzyme combination was applied to a basal diet containing a moderate reduction in crude protein, energy and digestible amino acids, to determine whether the enzyme combination could recover performance compared with the level produced by a nutritionally adequate diet
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