Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a standard high fat diet (D12451) with or without vitamin D3, phosphorus, and calcium (i.e., high-fat diet [HFD] or high-fat deficient diet [HFDD]) on the bone parameters of ovariectomized female rats. Six-month-old of female Sprauge Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into six study groups: sham operation with standard chow diet (SSCD), sham operation with a HFD (SHFD), sham operation with a HFDD (SHFDD), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX with a HFD (OVX-HFD), and OVX with a HFDD (OVX-HFDD). A bilateral ovariectomy was administered to the OVX, OVX-HFD, and OVX-HFDD rats, while the SSCD, SHFD, and SHFDD rats were only given a laparotomy. Multiple analyses concerning the glucose and insulin tolerance, structure, bone strength, bone matrix, and mineralization of the rats were conducted in order to produce a detailed characterization of the effects of a HFD and a HFDD on postmenopausal osteoporotic rats. Seven months of HFD and HFDD feeding resulted in obesity and insulin resistance in female SD rats. A standard HFD increased the bone calcium content and bone strength of OVX rats. Conversely, the serum N-mid osteocalcin (N-MID-OT) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) levels in the OVX-HFDD group were increased, accompanied by a clear decrease in the bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone calcium and bone strength, as well as reduced osteocalcin expression. A HFDD weakened the activity of the osteoblasts while aggravating bone loss and decreasing bone strength in ovariectomized rats, which may be due to the calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D3 deficiencies in the diet.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and the structural deterioration of bone, resulting in an increased susceptibility to fractures [1]
The body weight of the High-fat diet (HFD) and HFDD groups were markedly higher than that of the SC groups (P = 0.003, P
These results indicated that a HFD and a HFDD promoted weight gain in OVX rats
Summary
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and the structural deterioration of bone, resulting in an increased susceptibility to fractures [1]. The prevalence of osteoporosis continues to increase, and it will likely become an even more serious public health problem in an aging society [3]. Ovariectomy (OVX) of female rats or mice has been used to mimic human osteoporosis, with the ovariectomized rats/mice eventually developing increased bodyweight, fat mass, and metabolic dysfunction [4,5]. Obesity is another serious public health problem, which is characterized by the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. The relationship between obesity and osteoporosis has been widely studied
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