Effects of a Single Ingestion of Trehalose during Prolonged Exercise.

Tsuyoshi Wadazumi,Norie Arai,Hisayo Yokoyama,Nobuko Hongu,Hitoshi Watanabe,Kanji Watanabe

doi:10.3390/sports7050100

Tsuyoshi Wadazumi, Norie Arai + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7050100

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Abstract

Trehalose (TRE), a disaccharide, is absorbed slowly and gradually increases the blood glucose (GLU) level along with reducing insulin secretion. The aim of this study was twofold. First, we examined exercise performance following ingestions of either GLU, TRE, or water (WAT). The second purpose was to investigate the effects of TRE energy metabolism during prolonged exercise. We examined exercise performance using the Wingate test, with 30-min constant load exercise at 40% VO2peak after exercising for 60 min at 40% VO2peak, by using an electromagnetic brake-type bicycle ergometer (Part 1). The power values, blood glucose and lactate, and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were measured. In addition, we investigated the energy metabolism after a single ingestion of TRE, by measuring the RER and estimating the lipid oxidation for 60 min at 40% VO2peak (Part 2). Healthy college male students performed three trials—(1) placebo (WAT), (2) GLU, and (3) TRE. Repeated two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for a comparison of the data among the three trial groups. A multiple comparison test was performed using post hoc Bonferroni correction. The TRE ingestion significantly increased the average and maximum power values (p < 0.01). The TRE ingestion showed significantly higher lipid utilization than the GLU lipid oxidation values the in TRE, 12.5 ± 6.1 g/h; GLU, 9.3 ± 4.7 g/h; and WAT, 15.0 ± 4.4 g/h; (p < 0.01). In conclusion, we provide novel data that a single TRE ingestion was effective in improving prolonged exercise performance by effective use of glucose and lipids.

Highlights

Glycogen stored in the body is used as a source of energy during exercise
The performance levels were significantly higher in the TRE (95.8 ± 4.7%) and GLU (95.1 ± 4.3%)
The performance levels were significantly higher in the TRE trial (93.1 ± 5.4%) than in the GLU trial (90.0 ± 5.4%) and WAT trial (86.4 ± 7.7%) (WAT vs. TRE, p < 0.001; GLU vs. TRE, p < 0.01)

Summary

Introduction

Glycogen stored in the body is used as a source of energy during exercise. The later stages of prolonged exercise cause dramatic reductions in the muscle glycogen content in skeletal muscle [4]. In such prolonged endurance exercise, the ingestion of carbohydrates is shown to delay fatigue onset and prolong exercise duration [5]. The storage and sparing of muscle glycogen [6,7] and the maintenance of higher blood glucose levels are useful for maintaining or improving performance in such exercise [8,9].

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