Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the postprandial glycemic, insulinemic, and breath hydrogen responses to a liquid nutritional product containing Salacia oblonga extract, an herbal α-glucosidase inhibitor, and two insulinogenic amino acids. Methods In a randomized, double-masked, crossover design, 43 healthy subjects were fed the following meals on separate days after overnight fasting: control (C; 480 mL of a study beverage containing 82 g of carbohydrate, 20 g of protein, and 14 g of fat), control plus 3.5 g each of phenylalanine and leucine (AA), control plus 1000 mg of S. oblonga extract (S), and control plus S and AA (SAA). Postprandially, fingerstick capillary plasma glucose and venous serum insulin levels were measured for 180 min, and breath hydrogen excretion was measured for 480 min. Results The baseline-adjusted peak glucose response was not different across meals. However, changes in plasma glucose areas under the curve (0 to 120 min and 0 to 180 min, respectively) compared with C were −9% and −11% for AA ( P > 0.05 each), −27% and −24% for S ( P = 0.035 and 0.137), and −27% and −29% for SAA ( P < 0.05 each). Changes in insulin areas under the curve were +5% and +5% for AA ( P > 0.05 each), −35% and −36% for S ( P < 0.001 each), and −6% and −7% for SAA ( P > 0.05 each). Breath hydrogen excretion was 60% greater ( P < 0.001) in the S-containing meals than in the C- and AA-containing meals and was associated with mild flatulence. Conclusions Salacia oblonga extract is a promising nutraceutical ingredient that decreased glycemia in this study. Supplementation with amino acids had no significant additional effect on glycemia.
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