Abstract
ObjectivesThe Mikania laevigata extract (MLE) (popularly known in Brazil as "guaco") possesses anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study we tested the effects of MLE in a periodontitis experimental model in rats. We also investigated possible mechanisms underlying such effects. Material and MethodsPeriodontal disease was induced by a ligature placed around the mandibular first molars of each animal. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: non-ligated animals treated with vehicle; non-ligated animals treated with MLE (10 mg/kg, daily); ligature-induced animals treated with vehicle and ligature-induced animals treated with MLE (10 mg/kg, daily). Thirty days after the induction of periodontal disease, the animals were euthanized and mandibles and gingival tissues removed for further analysis. ResultsMorphometric analysis of alveolar bone loss demonstrated that MLE-treated animals presented a decreased alveolar bone loss and a lower expression of the activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) measured by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, gingival tissues from the MLE-treated group showed decreased neutrophil migration myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. ConclusionsThese results indicate that MLE may be useful to control bone resorption during progression of experimental periodontitis in rats.
Highlights
The periodontium is a topographically complex organ consisting of epithelial tissue and soft and mineralized connective tissue
The resorption area measured after the experimental period demonstrated that ligature induced experimental periodontitis significantly increased bone loss (p0.05) (Figures 1A and 1B)
The results demonstrated that MLE administration (10 mg/kg, daily) was able to significantly inhibit (0.56±0.13 mm[2]; p
Summary
The periodontium is a topographically complex organ consisting of epithelial tissue and soft and mineralized connective tissue. The structures comprising the periodontium include gingiva, cementum, bone and periodontal ligament[4]. Several diseases affect the composition and integrity of periodontal structures causing the destruction of the connective tissue matrix and cells, the loss of fibrous attachment and the resorption of alveolar bone following an intense inflammatory response to bacteria[7]. Such diseases are highly prevalent among different world populations, being an important impact factor in health oral programs[1]. The main bacterial pathogens of periodontal diseases are gram-negative anaerobic species that express a number of potential virulence factors that stimulate an unbalanced production of several molecules and pro-inflammatory factors, being an important determinant in the disease outcome[20].
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