Abstract
Bariatric surgery (BS) is considered the most effective treatment for morbid obesity. Preoperative body weight is directly associated with a higher surgical morbimortality and physical activity could be effective in the preparation of patients. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a six-month exercise training program (ETP), combining high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training in patients awaiting BS. Six candidates awaiting BS (38.78 ± 1.18 kg·m−2; 38.17 ± 12.06 years) were distributed into two groups: the ETP group (experimental group (EG), n = 3) and a control group (CG, n = 3). Anthropometrical and blood pressure (BP), cardiorespiratory fitness and maximal strength were registered before and after the ETP. The EG participated in 93.25% of the sessions, showing reductions in body mass index (BMI) compared to the CG (34.61 ± 1.56 vs. 39.75 ± 0.65, p = 0.006, ANOVA). The inferential analysis showed larger effects on BMI, excess body weight percentage and fat mass, in addition to small to moderate effects in BP and the anthropometric measurements. Peak oxygen uptake normalized to fat-free mass showed likely positive effects with a probability of >95–99%. A six-month ETP seems to be a positive tool to improve body composition, cardiometabolic health, and fitness level in patients awaiting BS, but a larger sample size is needed to confirm these findings.
Highlights
Obesity is considered a worldwide epidemic, one of the greatest public health problems, and one of the primary death causes, both in the European Union and in the USA [1,2]; likewise, obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, some types of cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, immune response affectation, greater morbidity and mortality state, and a considerable reduction of life expectancy [3,4]
Description of the Dynamic Loads Performed by the Experimental Group
Our pilot study suggests that a six-month exercise training program (ETP), combining long-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with resistance training from 55% to 75% 1RM seems to be a positive intervention to improve body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors (CRF) and physical condition in patients awaiting bariatric surgery (BS)
Summary
Obesity is considered a worldwide epidemic, one of the greatest public health problems, and one of the primary death causes, both in the European Union and in the USA [1,2]; likewise, obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, some types of cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, immune response affectation, greater morbidity and mortality state, and a considerable reduction of life expectancy [3,4]. The increase in the obesity rate and its associated diseases have been related to an increase in the variety of therapeutic interventions [5]. In cases of morbid obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m2 ), bariatric surgery (BS) has been demonstrated to be the most effective treatment for the loss and maintenance of body weight, as well as for the improvement of comorbidities and mortality associated with this pathology [6]. The influence of physical activity in maintaining long-term weight loss has been known for years, but its role in the preparation of patients awaiting surgery is not well-known
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