Abstract
Peripheral intravenous catheters (PVCs) are common treatment modalities for pediatric patients, and may cause infection, infiltration, occlusion, and phlebitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a clinically indicated peripheral intravenous replacement (CIPIR) on PVC indwelling time and complication rates in pediatric patients. This study used a randomized, pre- and post-repeated measures design. A total of 283 participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 140) and a control group (n = 143). The experimental group received CIPIR and the control group received usual care with routine PVC replacement every three days. The insert sites of PVC were assessed every day until the signs of infiltration, occlusion, or phlebitis were presented. Patients in the experimental group had significantly longer PVC indwelling times compared to those in the control group (t = −18.447, p < 0.001). No significant differences were noted between groups in infiltration (χ2 = 2.193, p = 0.139), occlusion (χ2 = 0.498, p = 0.481), or phlebitis (χ2 = 3.865, p = 0.050). CIPIR can prolong the PVC indwelling time in pediatric patients with no increase in the rate of adverse events.
Highlights
Peripheral intravenous catheters (PVCs) are common treatment modalities [1,2]
Of 306 eligible pediatric patient–family caregivers dyads recruited, in the experimental group, 5 parents of pediatric patients declined to participate because of no interest, 7 family caregivers were grandparents who declined to participate because of no interest, and 6 family caregivers refused the requirement of taking a blood sample to determine the disease condition
The results of the present study showed that clinically indicated peripheral intravenous replacement (CIPIR) resulted in no statistically significant difference in the rate of phlebitis, the experimental group had a higher rate of phlebitis (5.7%) than the control group (1.4%)
Summary
Peripheral intravenous catheters (PVCs) are common treatment modalities [1,2]. More than 80% of hospitalized patients receive PVCs [3], which provide medication, blood transfusion, fluid infusion, and nutritional supplements [1,4]. Infection, gastroenteritis, or other conditions often receive PVCs for blood transfusion, medication, or resuscitation [5]. PVCs may cause complications such as infection, infiltration, occlusion, or phlebitis [1,4]. 28.0% of patients with PVCs have complications, and pediatric patients have a higher prevalence of such complications than adults [1]. For example, is associated with a longer PVC indwelling time [6]
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