Effects of a 12-Week Diet versus Diet plus Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Program on Acylated and Desacylated Ghrelin, and Ghrelin O-Acyltransferase in Adolescent Girls with Obesity.

Sang Yeoup Lee,Young Jin Tak,Jeong Pyo Seo,Hyun Jun Kim

doi:10.3390/ijerph19031480

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of a 12-week diet versus diet plus aerobic and resistance exercise programme on acylated ghrelin (AG), desacylated ghrelin (DAG), and ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) concentrations in girls with obesity. We randomised 30 adolescents with obesity to a 12-week aerobic and resistance exercise group (EG) or a control group (CG). At baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, we measured their body composition, lipid profile, glucose, AG, DAG, and GOAT concentrations. In the EG, the body fat percentage decreased by 2.37% and was significantly lower than that in the CG. The DAG concentrations significantly increased by 48.3% and 27.4% in the EG and CG, respectively. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks, DAG concentrations were significantly higher in the EG than in the CG. AG concentrations were higher at week 12 than at baseline in both groups. In both groups, the GOAT concentrations increased at weeks 8 and 12; however, no between-group differences were observed in the changes in GOAT concentrations. This study showed increased DAG concentrations and non-significant changes in AG and GOAT concentrations after a 12-week aerobic and resistance exercise programme in girls with obesity. These findings suggest that an aerobic and resistance exercise programme influences appetite-regulating hormones, mainly through changes in DAG concentrations.

Highlights

Obesity in adolescence has become a global health issue, causing metabolic impairments and psychosocial distress [1]
With the availability of assays for measuring plasma desacylated ghrelin (DAG) and ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) concentrations [23], we aimed to prospectively investigate the effect of a 12-week diet versus diet plus aerobic and resistance exercise programme on acylated ghrelin (AG) and DAG concentrations in adolescents with obesity, and to examine whether GOAT plays a causal role in DAG elevation with no change in AG concentrations
DAG concentrations were higher in the exercise group (EG) than in the control group (CG) (381.0 ± 247.2 pg/mL vs. 717.8 ± 59.8 pg/mL) (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Obesity in adolescence has become a global health issue, causing metabolic impairments and psychosocial distress [1]. The treatment of adolescent obesity includes long-term behavior modification: increasing physical activity and improving eating behaviors [3]. Fewer options for weight loss are available for adolescents since anti-obesity medication or bariatric surgery are limited to adults [1]. Considering that adolescents are in the phase of physical development, intensive dietary interventions, including caloric restriction, can be inappropriate for weight management [3]. Determining the effects of exercise on changes in the concentrations of appetite-related hormones is necessary to develop effective therapeutic approaches for adolescent obesity. The associations between exercise-induced energy expenditure and appetite have been studied mostly in adults, with

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