Abstract
A Life-Table-Response Experiment lasting 78 d was performed to investigate the toxic effects of sediment-associated 4-n-nonylphenol (NP) on growth, reproduction, and survivorship of isolated hermaphrodites of the infaunal polychaete Capitella sp. I. Demographic effects were evaluated using both a fully age-classified and a simple two-stage model to estimate population growth rates (λ). Decomposition analysis was performed to explore the contributions of each of the affected life-history traits to the effects observed on λ. Elasticity analysis was applied to examine the relative sensitivity of λ to changes in each of the different life-history traits under different exposure levels. In the lowest NP treatment (14 μg NP/g dry mass of sediment) significant stimulatory effects were observed for both asymptotic body volume and average brood size, but these did not result in a significant effect on λ. Negative effects on brood size, volume-specific fecundity, time to first reproduction, and individual growth ra...
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