Abstract
BackgroundsTo study the effects of supplementation of a marine omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA) formulation (Omega3Q10) in older adults with hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia.MethodsA total of 97 people were enrolled to receive 12-week supplementation of either Omega3Q10 (n = 48) or soybean oil (n = 49). Total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and hypertension-related symptoms were determined before and after the supplementation.ResultsThere were no baseline differences between the two groups. Omega3Q10 supplementation significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (from 81.6 ± 5.3 mmHg to 79.3 ± 5.2 mmHg, P < 0.05). Blood concentrations of TC and LDL-C decreased significantly and blood HDL-C level increased significantly after 12 weeks of Omega3Q10 (5.5 ± 0.7 vs. 5.3 ± 0.5, P < 0.05; 3.7 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 0.6, P < 0.05; 1.2 ± 0.6 vs. 1.3 ± 0.5, P < 0.05, respectively) and soybean oil supplementation (5.7 ± 0.8 vs. 5.6 ± 0.7, P < 0.05; 3.6 ± 0.7 vs. 3.4 ± 0.8, P < 0.05; 1.0 ± 0.8 vs. 1.2 ± 0.7, P < 0.05, respectively) but no group differences were found. A significantly greater proportion of the people in the Omega3Q10 group became free from headache and palpitations & chest tightness symptoms after the 12-week supplementation compared to that of the soybean oil group (95.5% vs. 71.4%, P < 0.01; 95.8 vs. 75.5%, P < 0.01, respectively).Conclusion12-week supplementation of Fish oil-based PUFA appear to be more effective in improving DBP and hypertension-related symptoms than soybean oil in old adults with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia although both supplementation improved TC, LDL-C and HDL-C concentrations.
Highlights
Elevated blood-pressure or blood cholesterol levels are major risk factors for cardiovascular events that are the major cause of death worldwide [1]
Recent studies suggest that dietary supplementation of certain nature products, such as fish oil-derived Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) [6,7,8,9,10] and/or plant derived-PUFA, phospholipids, sterols and stanols can be beneficial on blood cholesterol and blood pressure [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]
Subjects who met the first and one of other three following criteria were eligible for the study: Inclusion criteria: 1) Healthy males or females at least 50 years of age; 2) Having current symptoms of elevated blood pressure; 3) Having a history of elevated blood pressure; 4) Having a history of elevated blood cholesterol (total cholesterol (TC) concentrations higher than normal range: 2.8 to 5.7 mmol/L; high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C): 0.78 to 1.55 mmol/L; low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C): 1.68 to 4.53 mmol/L; glucose: 3.9 to 6.1 mmol/L)
Summary
Elevated blood-pressure or blood cholesterol levels are major risk factors for cardiovascular events that are the major cause of death worldwide [1]. Recent studies suggest that dietary supplementation of certain nature products, such as fish oil-derived Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) [6,7,8,9,10] and/or plant derived-PUFA, phospholipids, sterols and stanols can be beneficial on blood cholesterol and blood pressure [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]. Controversy still remains around the cardioprotective effects of fish oil-derived n3PUFA [27,28,29] probably due to heterogeneous nature in the selection of different participants, formulation of different supplements, background diet, ratio of n3-PUFA: n6-PUFA and outcome measures [30,31,32]
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