Abstract
Due to their potent antioxidant activity, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) are being investigated as a potential therapeutic for neurodegenerative diseases. CeNPs are small, regenerative and display both catalase‐ and superoxide dismutase‐mimetic activity. However, toxic effects of CeNPs in biological systems have also been reported. Our working hypothesis is that the synthetic and/or biological identity of CeNPs could account for these disparate reports. In particular, the biological identity of CeNPs can be influenced by serum proteins that adsorb onto the nanoparticle surface. This can then impact the catalytic activity as well as pharmacokinetics properties of CeNPs, potentially contributing to toxic effects in an organism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of serum on the catalytic activity of CeNPs. Custom‐synthesized CeNPs were incubated with or without 1% mouse serum for 30 minutes. CeNPs were then spun in an ultracentrifuge at 434, 513 x g for one hour in order to separate the supernatant (SUP) and pellet (PEL) fractions. We used commercially available enzymatic assay kits to assess the catalase‐ and superoxide dismutase (SOD)‐mimetic activity of each fraction. We also assayed oxidase activity, which could be indicative of promiscuous toxic activity. We observed that pre‐incubation with 1% serum did not significantly impact the catalase‐ or SOD‐mimetic activity of the CeNPs. On the other hand, serum pre‐incubation resulted in significantly enhanced oxidase activity that, upon further analysis, was revealed to be an artifact of the serum rather than attributable to promiscuous CeNP activity. In summary, we demonstrate that pre‐incubation with serum does not negatively affect the antioxidant activity of CeNPs, an important step in continuing to develop CeNPs as neuroprotective agents in oxidative stress diseases.Support or Funding InformationSupported by St. Lawrence University and Cerion, LLC.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
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