EffectofFibreSupplementationonBodyWeightand Composition,FrequencyofEatingandDietary ChoiceinOverweightIndividuals.

Vicky Solah,Aqif Mukhtar,Haelee Fenton,Stuart Johnson,Wendy J Hunt,Xingqiong Meng,Deborah Kerr,Simon Wood,Carol Boushey,Anthony James,Roland Gahler,Edward Delp

doi:10.3390/nu9020149

Abstract

Fibre supplementation can potentially reduce energy intake and contribute to weight loss. The mechanism may be reduced frequency of eating, resulting in reduced food consumption. The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of fibre supplementation with PolyGlycopleX® (PGX®), on body weight and composition, frequency of eating and dietary intake in 118 overweight adults. In a three-arm, parallel, blind, randomised controlled trial participants were randomised to one of three groups; 4.5 g PGX as softgels (PGXS), 5 g PGX granules (PGXG) or 5 g rice flour (RF) control. Prior to supplementation and at 12 weeks, participants captured before and after images of all food and beverages consumed within 4 days using a mobile food record app (mFR). The mFR images were analysed for food group serving sizes and number of eating occasions. In the PGXG group, intention-to-treat analysis showed there was a significant reduction in waist circumference (2.5 cm; p = 0.003). Subgroup analysis showed that PGXG supplementation at the recommended dose resulted in a reduction in body weight (−1.4 ± 0.10 kg, p < 0.01), body mass index (BMI) reduction (−0.5 ± 0.10, p < 0.01), reduced number of eating occasions (−1.4 ± 1.2, p < 0.01) and a reduced intake of grain food (−1.52 ± 1.84 serves, p = 0.019). PGXG at the recommended dose resulted in a reduction in weight and BMI which was significantly greater than that for RF (p = 0.001). These results demonstrate the potential benefits of PGX fibre in controlling frequency of eating and in weight loss.

Highlights

The burden of chronic disease in many countries is increasing concomitant with the percentage of the population with a high body mass index (BMI) [1]
Supplementation, 30.9 % of participants reported diarrhoea, bloating and flatulence whereas for rice flour consumption 7.8% reported constipation. This 12 week randomised controlled study showed that when consumed at the recommended dose, the PGX granules (PGXG) intervention gave a reduction in BMI and body weight, the number of eating occasions per day and consumption of servings of grain food
Data collected by personal communication at the 6-week visit showed five participants in the PGX as softgels (PGXS) group reporting that they expected PGXS to be a “magic bullet” for weight loss, which was an unexpected issue that requires consideration in future research

Summary

Introduction

The burden of chronic disease in many countries is increasing concomitant with the percentage of the population with a high body mass index (BMI) [1]. Dietary pattern evidence has shown that higher dietary quality i.e. consumption of mainly whole grains, vegetables, fruit, nuts, legumes, seafood, plant protein and low-fat dairy leads to marked reductions in all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality [2,3]. A healthy dietary pattern which includes consumption of fruits, vegetables, grains, combined with a lower intake of sweets, red meat and processed meat, lowers the risk of developing colorectal cancer [4]. Evidence supports the role of dietary fibre in improving metabolic health. A higher intake of fibre is associated with increased satiety and reduced energy intake and may be important in obesity management [5,6,7,8,9,10,11]

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