Effectivity of air-abrasive powder based on glycine and tricalcium phosphate in removal of initial biofilm on titanium and zirconium oxide surfaces in an ex vivo model.

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was the evaluation of effectiveness and efficiency of a powder consisting of glycine and tricalcium phosphate in comparison to two established powders based on glycine or sodium bicarbonate in biofilm removal on titanium and zirconium implant surfaces. Biofilm was collected for 48h by five volunteers. A total of 69 titanium and 69 zirconium samples were randomly assigned to test and control groups. Residual plaque areas (RPA) and treatment time were taken as parameters. Within the titanium groups, mean RPA was determined in the following descending order: sodium bicarbonate > glycine > glycine + tricalcium phosphate. Differences between the groups were significant, p<0.05. Mean treatment time in the titanium groups was determined in the following descending order without significant differences, p>0.05: glycine + tricalcium phosphate > sodium bicarbonate > glycine. Regarding the zirconium groups, mean RPA was detected in the following descending order, without significant differences, p>0.05: glycine > sodium bicarbonate > glycine + tricalcium phosphate. Mean treatment time of the glycine + tricalcium phosphate group was significantly lower than in the control groups, p<0.05. It can be concluded that glycine + tricalcium phosphate seemed to be more effective than the control groups for biofilm removal on titanium and zirconium implant surfaces. Especially on zirconium surfaces, decontamination with glycine + tricalcium phosphate seemed to be more efficient than treatment with glycine or sodium bicarbonate. The combination of glycine and tricalcium phosphate could improve the clinical outcomes of air-abrasive device in nonsurgical peri-implantitis therapy.