Effectiveness Vetiveria zizanoides plant in ability absorption of heavy metals in coal mining waste

Abstract

Vetiveria zizanoides plants have considerable potential for phytoremediation, because these plants show relatively high ability to accumulate and translocate heavy metals in wetlands and are able to tolerate acidic water pH. The results of the study showed that the Vetiveria zizanoides plant has a fairly good survival rate in acid mine water conditions and has a fairly high ability to absorb Fe, Mn and sulfur metals. This is evidenced by the treatment of Vetiveria zizanoides plants by planting 20 Vetiveria zizanoides stems into acid mine water media without the addition of organic substrates, seen on day 20 after treatment of 20 Vetiveria zizanoides stems there was only 1 plant that died, the rest still survive in acidic water conditions. In this treatment, the Vetiveria zizanoides plant was able to absorb Fe, Mn and sulfur with an efficiency increase of 93% for Fe metal, 40% for Mn metal and 43% sulfur for 20 days. However, to improve the quality of acid water in this treatment, it was not optimal, so treatment was given with a combination of Vetiveria zizanoides and organic substrates. Treatment 3 was the most effective in improving acid mine water quality, because it had an average effectiveness of 58% for increasing the pH of the air and 97% for decreasing the concentration of Fe and Mn metals. With the efficiency of increasing the metal concentration in plants by 16% for Fe metal, 29% for Mn metal and 35% sulfur for 20 days after being given treatment.