Abstract
Tuta absolute was a quarantine pest in Iran that has been recorded for the first time in 2009. The most conventional methods for control of this pest in Iran are chemical methods and mass trapping, although the efficiency of the latter method is not clear. In 2013, the efficiency of three common types of solar light traps with and without sex pheromone, along with water pan pheromone traps for control, were investigated. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design within in a tomato field. The treatments were Behroyan light trap (BL), Zist bani light trap (ZL), Russell light trap (RL), BL + pheromone, ZL+ pheromone, RL+ pheromone and water pan pheromone trap (WPT). Traps were checked weekly and the number of captured tomato leaf miner (TLM), Noctuid moths, Chrysopa sp., Coccinella septempuctata and Syrphid flies were counted. Mean weekly capture of TLM in BL, ZL and RL traps without sex pheromone were 9.11 ± 1.16, 4.94 ± 0.24 and 1.66 ± 0.7, while within traps sex pheromone were 54.72 ± 11.8, 42.05 ± 6.47, 39.02 ± 2.82, respectively. The mean weekly capture of Noctuid moths in the traps without pheromone were 16.92 ± 1.39, 25.39 ± 0.57, 1.49 ± 0.27 and with pheromone were 21.04 ± 1.72, 28.09 ± 0.95, 2.76 ± 1.39, respectively. Mean weekly capture of TLM and Noctuid moths in WPT traps were 47.13 ± 3.06 and 0.73 ± 0.27, respectively. The total attracted numbers of predators by the three light traps were not significant. In conclusion, traps baited sex pheromone (especially BL and ZL) could be used as eco- friendly tools for mass trapping of TLM and some key Noctuid moth pests in isolated tomato fields.
Highlights
Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L., is one of the most popular vegetable crops in Iran .It is widely grown both in open fields and greenhouses
The minimum weekly captured of tomato leaf miner (TLM) was observed in traps without sex pheromone, whereas the traps with sex pheromone had significantly higher captures of TLM than traps without sex pheromone (Table 2)
There were no significant differences in average weekly capture of TLM between Behroyan traps containing sex pheromone (54.71 ± 1.18) and water pan pheromone traps (47.13 ± 3.06 adults)
Summary
Solanum lycopersicum L., is one of the most popular vegetable crops in Iran .It is widely grown both in open fields and greenhouses. Tuta abosluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) was first described in Peru in 1917 (Meyrick, 1917) and spread rapidly in all of the tomato-producing areas (Urbaneja et al., 2007; Viggiani et al, 2009; Abdul Razzak et al, 2010; Desneux et al, 2010; Kilic, 2010). It was first recorded in 2010 from Urmia city, North West of Iran (Baniameri and Cheraghani, 2012), rapidly spread in the majority of tomato producing areas and became one of the most important pests of tomato.
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