Effectiveness of the Use of Simultaneous Connective Tissue Grafts and Immediate Post-Extraction Implant Placement: A Literature Review

Abstract

In recent decades, pink aesthetics represents a relevant factor when evaluating long-term results in implant rehabilitation, mainly in the anterior sector. Immediate implant placement after dental extraction is an alternative for the rehabilitation of edentulous patients, and despite its high success rate, the presence of associated peri-implant tissue recessions has been evidenced within its main complications, and the use of connective tissue grafts are a tool that could preserve the stability of the peri-implant mucosa. The objective of this literature review is to assess the use of simultaneous connective tissue grafts with implant placement immediately after extraction as an alternative to improve peri-implant stability. Good results have been evidenced by applying this technique measured in the pink aesthetic score in scientific studies, benefiting those cases with a fine gingival phenotype. Likewise, fewer recessions of the peri-implant mucosa have been observed, which causes fewer associated complications and constitutes an alternative to achieve long-term stability, improvement of peri-implant tissues and better clinical results. However, it is important to take into account that the gingival phenotype is not the only element to consider in post-extraction implants, since the thickness and integrity of the vestibular cortex, the jumping distance, as well as the design of the implant and the three-dimensional positioning must be evaluated.