Effectiveness of the diet low in fermentable carbohydrates as a treatment in adults diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome: a Systematic Review

Abstract

Currently the diet low in fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAP) is has established itself as a first-line strategy as a treatment for IBS in adults, so the purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the low diet in fermentable carbohydrates, as a treatment in adult patients diagnosed with IBS. Method: Systematic review (S.R.) based on randomized clinical trials (ECA) obtained from the databases Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EBSCO and Proquest. RCTs that included adults over 18 were reviewed years and older, both sexes, diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), who have contemplated a FODMAP restriction <112 gr/day, compared to a high FODMAP diet, regular diet with healthy habits. The risk of bias, according to the Cochrane collaboration. Results: five RCTs were found from Iran, Australia, China and Sweden, where four of them showed changes on the study variables: pain and distention abdominal, visceral hypersensitivity, alterations in depositional habits, transit abnormal levels of gas and vomiting, compared to their respective control groups. Conclusion: the evidence collected suggests that a low FODMAP diet in adults diagnosed with IBS significantly reduce the associated classic symptoms, generating decreases on the study variables, however, it is essential have adequate dietary advice from a professional nutritionist, to avoid nutritional deficiency and possible side effects