Effectiveness of TGF-beta 1 neutralizing antibody against the capsule contracture of silicone prosthesis

Abstract

Objective To study the effects and mechanism of immediate application of transformation growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) neutralizing antibody postoperatively to prevent the fibrous capsule formation in animal model, and to observe the different effects between two concentrations of TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody. Methods Ten ml of smooth round silicone prostheses were implanted subcutaneously in the back of rats. Then 25 μg/0.1 ml or 50 μg/0.1 ml TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody were injected around the implanted prostheses in the experimental group, while the control group was injected with PBS 0.1 ml. On day 7, 14 and 28, the thickness of capsule measured; The density of collagen; and the expression of TGF-β1, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and fibronectin (FN) was detected. Results After 28 days, the average capsule thickness of the control group was significantly higher in the experimental group, and the difference between the control group and the 25 μg experimental group had statistical significance. TGF-β1 expression and the number of α-SMA positive fibroblasts in control group were significantly higher than that in the experimental group, the difference was statistically significant. In the control group, the expression of FN and collagen density was slightly higher than the two experimental groups, but the differences among the three groups showed no statistical significance at each time point. Conclusions Immediate application of the TGF- beta 1 neutralizing antibody in the the implant prosthesis can reduce the thickness of the capsule to some extent. Key words: Breast implants; Silicone gels; Transforming growth factor beta 1; Neutralizing antibody