Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding Cardiac Rehabilitation in terms of Knowledge, attitude and Practice among Patients with Myocardial Infarction at KMC Hospital, Trichy.

Abstract

The study was done to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge, attitude and practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction in KMC hospital at Trichy. The research deign used for the study was pre experimental deign. The research approach used for the study was evaluative approach which was conducted in KMC Hospital in Trichy. The conceptual frame work based on the Wiedenbach’s helping art of clinical nursing theory (1969). A sample of patients with myocardial infarction who met the inclusion criteria. The samples were selected for the study using purposive sampling technique. The instruments used for data collection were structured interview schedule, five point Likert attitude scale and observational check list. The investigator gave brief introduction and obtained oral consent from each participant prior to the study. After third day of admission the pretest was conducted by using the structured interview schedule, five point likert scale and observational check list for 30 minutes and the same day structured teaching programme given regarding cardiac rehabilitation for 45-50 minutes using laptop with compact disc. Posttest was conducted by using the same tool. Effectiveness of structured teaching programme was assessed by paired ‘t’ test. Karl Pearson test was used to find out the correlation between knowledge and practice among type patients with myocardial infarction. Chi–square test was used to find out the association the demographic variables with knowledge and practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction. There was an improvement in knowledge, attitude and practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction. Validity was done with suggestion of experts. Data analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics. MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: • Majority of patients 25 (41%) belong to the age of 50-60 years. • Majority of patients 32 (53%) were males. • Majority of patients 45 (75%) were married. • Majority of patients 21 (35%) studied up to primary education. • Majority of patients 20(33%) were self employed. • Majority of patients 36 (60%) were belongs to Hindu religion. • Majority of patients 37 (61%) had income less than Rs. 2000. • Majority of patients 38 (63%) were from rural area. • Prior to implementation of structured teaching programme 26(43%) had inadequate knowledge, 28(47%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 6(10%) had adequate knowledge where as after implementation of structured teaching programme 31(52%) had adequate knowledge, 29(52%) patients had moderately adequate knowledge regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction. • Prior to implementation of structured teaching programme 33(55%) unfavorable attitude, 24(40%) patients had moderately favorable attitude and 3(5%) patients had favorable attitude where as after implementation of structured teaching programme 45(75%) had moderately favourable attitude knowledge, 15(25%) patients had favorable attitude and non of them had unfavorable attitude regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction. • Prior to implementation of structured teaching programme 24(40%) had inadequate practice 31(52%) had moderately adequate practice and 5(8%) had adequate practice where as after implementation of structured teaching programme 32(53%) had moderately adequate practice, 28(47%) patients had adequate practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction. • High degree of positive correlation was found between posttest knowledge and posttest practice scores. • There is significance association was found the posttest knowledge and practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction with their selected demographic variables. Finding showed that the structured teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction. Thus structured teaching programme played an important role in improving the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION : Based on the findings of the study the following conclusion was drawn. The existing knowledge regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction was inadequate and moderately adequate. The existing attitude regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction was unfavourable and moderately favourable attitude. The existing practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction was inadequate practice and moderately adequate practice. The structured teaching programme significantly increased the knowledge (‘t’ value is 12.074), attitude (‘t’ value is 10.836) and practice (‘t’ value is 11.45) regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction. The study findings revealed that there was a significant improvement in the knowledge regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction followed by structure teaching programme. Based on the statistical findings it is evident that provision of such kind of structure teaching programme will motivate the myocardial infarction patients and help them to acquire knowledge, develop positive attitude and correct practice regarding cardiac rehabilitation among patients with myocardial infarction.