Abstract
In order to protect the solar water heaters against freezing and corrosion, the antifreeze solutions are circulated in the collector loop and then in the second loop this fluid heats the water in a heat exchanger. For this two-loop system, the performance can be described in terms of effectiveness similar to that for conventional heat exchangers. In this note an attempt is made to combine the collector and heat exchanger effectivenesses into an overall effectiveness, which is useful to optimize and design the solar water heating systems. The study has also been extended to obtain an overall effectiveness for the three-loop system in which a heat exchanger is placed between the collector and store.
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