Effectiveness of Social Cognitive Theory-Based Interventions for Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Yvonne Smith,Lufei Young,Shaoyong Su,Jiying Ling,Terri Marin,Rosalia Garcia-Torres,Steven S Coughlin

doi:10.2196/17148

Yvonne Smith, Lufei Young + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.2196/17148

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Abstract

BackgroundFor those living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), failing to engage in self-management behaviors leads to poor glycemic control. Social cognitive theory (SCT) has been shown to improve health behaviors by altering cognitive processes and increasing an individual’s belief in their ability to accomplish a task.ObjectiveWe aim to present a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to systematically identify, evaluate, and analyze the effect of SCT-based interventions to improve glycemic control in adults with T2DM.MethodsThis protocol follows the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Data sources will include PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, and data will be reviewed with the use of customized text mining software. Studies examining SCT-based behavioral interventions for adults diagnosed with T2DM in randomized controlled trials located in the outpatient setting will be included. Intervention effectiveness will be compared with routine care. Screening and data collection will be performed in multiple stages with three reviewers as follows: (1) an independent review of titles/abstracts, (2) a full review, and (3) data collection with alternating teams of two reviewers for disputes to be resolved by a third reviewer. Study quality and risk of bias will be assessed by three reviewers using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Standardized mean differences will be used to describe the intervention effect sizes with regard to self-efficacy and diabetes knowledge. The raw mean difference of HbA1c will be provided in a random effects model and presented in a forest plot. The expected limitations of this study are incomplete data, the need to contact authors, and analysis of various types of glycemic control measures accurately within the same data set.ResultsThis protocol was granted institutional review board exemption on October 7, 2019. PROSPERO registration (ID: CRD42020147105) was received on April 28, 2020. The review began on April 29, 2020. The results of the review will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed journals, and meetings.ConclusionsThis systematic review will appraise the effectiveness of SCT-based interventions for adults diagnosed with T2DM and provide the most effective interventions for improving health behaviors in these patients.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42020147105; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=147105International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/17148

Highlights

BackgroundIt is estimated that 9.4% of the American population is living with diabetes mellitus, and of these, 90%-95% are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1]
GA, 30912 United States Phone: 1 1 229 921 4521 Email: ysmith@augusta.edu. For those living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), failing to engage in self-management behaviors leads to poor glycemic control
We aim to present a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to systematically identify, evaluate, and analyze the effect of Social cognitive theory (SCT)-based interventions to improve glycemic control in adults with T2DM

Summary

Introduction

BackgroundIt is estimated that 9.4% of the American population is living with diabetes mellitus, and of these, 90%-95% are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1]. Managing T2DM requires the application of a large amount of knowledge to maintain consistent behaviors. Complex medical regimens and poor perception of an ability to control the disease worsen self-management adherence [3,4]. The inadequacy of diabetes self-management and suboptimal glycemic control have been well documented in a national prevalence study involving over 4900 participants. Deficient glycemic control has been attributed to individual pathophysiology progression, poor self-management skills, lack of support, and nonadherence to a healthy lifestyle [5]. Complications include cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, limb amputation, retinopathy, and renal failure [2]. For those living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), failing to engage in self-management behaviors leads to poor glycemic control. Social cognitive theory (SCT) has been shown to improve health behaviors by altering cognitive processes and increasing an individual’s belief in their ability to accomplish a task

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